Friday, 1ts May 1891
St.BERNARD’S REINSTATED
Following last week’s reinstatement of Renton FC, the SFA announced that St.Bernard’s would also now be reinstated to membership of the Association.
Saturday, 2nd May 1891
LEAGUE
FIXTURES ROUND 33
CAMBUSLANG 2 HEART of MIDLOTHIAN 0 1,000
Brown,Low
Half time: 2-0 Referee: Mr Ferguson
Cambuslang: Scoular, Collins, Smith, Guy, Ramsay, Jamieson, Low, Buchanan, Maxwell, Gourlay, Brown
Heart of Midlothian: Fairbairn, Adams, Goodfellow, Lumsden, Waterston, Stirling, Taylor, Mason, Russell, Ross, Scott
RANGERS 1 CELTIC 2 10,000
Henderson Dowds,Madden
Half time: 1-1 Referee:
Rangers: Reid, Hodge, Gow, Marshall, A. McCreadie, Mitchell, Hislop, Henderson, Kerr, White, McPherson
Celtic: Bell, Reynolds, T. Dunbar, Gallagher, Kelly, Maley, Madden, M. Dunbar, Dowds, Campbell, McMahon
St.MIRREN 2 DUMBARTON 4 3,000
Morrison,Dunlop Galbraith(2),Bell,J. Miller
Half time: 0-3 Referee: Mr J. Marshall (Third Lanark)
St.Mirren: Cameron, A. McBain, McFarlane, McCartney, Brown, E. McBain, Morrison, McAuley, Wylie, Dunlop, Douglas
Dumbarton: McLeod, Watson, A. Miller, McMillan, Laing, Keir, Wilson, Galbraith, J. Miller, McNaught, Bell
VALE of LEVEN 1 THIRD LANARK 2 1,000
Gallagher McInnes,Wilson
Half time: 1-1 Referee:
Vale of Leven: Doherty, Smith, G. Sharp, Cornoch, McNicol, J. Sharp, McVean, Gallagher, Cowan, Mills, T. Graham
Third Lanark: Downie, Sawers, Smith, Baxter, Lapsley, Scott, Burns, Wilson, Wills, Johnstone, McInnes
League Table
|
|
|
P |
W |
D |
L |
F |
A |
Pts |
GA |
|
1. |
Dumbarton |
18 |
13 |
3 |
2 |
61 |
21 |
29 |
2.905 |
|
2. |
Rangers |
17 |
12 |
3 |
2 |
54 |
24 |
27 |
2.250 |
|
3. |
Cambuslang |
18 |
8 |
4 |
6 |
47 |
42 |
20 |
1.119 |
|
4. |
Celtic |
16 |
9 |
3 |
4 |
37 |
20 |
17* |
1.850 |
|
5. |
Third Lanark |
16 |
7 |
3 |
6 |
34 |
35 |
13* |
0.971 |
|
6. |
Abercorn |
17 |
5 |
2 |
10 |
36 |
45 |
12 |
0.800 |
|
7. |
Heart of Midlothian |
17 |
5 |
2 |
10 |
27 |
35 |
12 |
0.771 |
|
8. |
St.Mirren |
18 |
5 |
1 |
12 |
39 |
62 |
11 |
0.629 |
|
9. |
Vale of Leven |
16 |
5 |
1 |
10 |
24 |
52 |
11 |
0.462 |
|
10. |
Cowlairs |
17 |
3 |
4 |
10 |
24 |
47 |
6* |
0.511 |
* Celtic and Cowlairs both deducted 4 points for fielding ineligible players. Third Lanark deducted 4 points for fielding an unregistered player.
Dumbarton won, Rangers lost – so Dumbarton top the league two points clear. Rangers now must win their final match to finish level with Dumbarton. Cambuslang, Dumbarton and St.Mirren have all completed their league programme.
The game between Cambuslang and Heart of Midlothian was a very open one with both teams creating good chances. Towards the end of the first half, Cambuslang became more dominant and Brown put them in the lead after 35 minutes. A second goal followed on 42 minutes, this time from Low. The second half was all Cambuslang but they could not add to their score. Cambuslang finished their league programme on a high.
The game of the day saw Rangers entertain Celtic at Ibrox Park. For Rangers, a win would make them clear favourites to win the league. The early chances, however, fell to Celtic then it was Rangers turn. Both teams were creating chances as play moved from end to end but neither could make the breakthrough. Then on 30 minutes Dowds took his chance as the ball rebounded off the bar from a fierce Kelly shot and Celtic had the lead. Celtic were now well on top and should have increased their lead but Rangers fought back and Henderson equalised. Now it was Rangers on top and McPherson spurned a great chance to give them a half time lead. From the restart Reid and his defenders were under a lot of pressure as Celtic turned the screw but chances went begging. Eventually Madden put Celtic back into the lead and Rangers were in trouble. Rangers tried desperately to equalise but to no avail and Celtic held on to win.
Dumbarton put St.Mirren under pressure right from the start and after 20 minutes Galbraith fired them into the lead. More pressure on St.Mirren followed and Bell grabbed Dumbarton’s second. Dumbarton were relentless and it was no surprise when Galbraith put Dumbarton 3-0 up with his second goal on 42 minutes. In the second half Dumbarton stayed in control at the start but St.Mirren began to have frequent raids towards the visitor’s goal. On 70 minutes Morrison grabbed one back for the Saints but as they pushed for further goals, Jim Miller eased Dumbarton’s concerns with a well-taken goal. With minutes left Dunlop got a second consolation goal for St.Mirren.
Vale of Leven had the better of the first half against Third Lanark and Gallagher scored a great goal after 20 minutes. Third Lanark fought back and McInnes soon equalised. Play in the second half was mostly even but late on in the half Wilson got the winning goal for the Warriors.
GLASGOW MERCHANTS’ CHARITY CUP, FINAL REPLAY
QUEEN’S PARK 9 NORTHERN 1 1,200
Half time: 4-0 Referee: Mr T. Park (SFA President)
Hampden Park, Glasgow
Queen’s Park totally
overwhelmed Northern to win the Charity Cup for the 8th time.
ORDINARY MATCHES (SELECTED)
THISTLE 4 KING’S
PARK 3
Half time: 4-2 Referee:
Beechwood Park, Glasgow
Tuesday, 5th
May 1891
LEAGUE
FIXTURES ROUND 34
CELTIC 9 VALE of LEVEN 1 1,800
McMahon(3),Untraced,Campbell(2), Grahan
McGhee(2),Dowds
Half time: 3-0 Referee:
Celtic: T. Dolan, Reynolds, T. Dunbar, Gallagher, Kelly, Maley, Campbell, McMahon, Dowds, McGhee, Madden
Vale of Leven: Doherty, Smith, G. Sharp, J. Sharp, McNicol, Paterson, McVean, Gallacher, Cowan, T. Graham, Rice
League Table
|
|
|
P |
W |
D |
L |
F |
A |
Pts |
GA |
|
1. |
Dumbarton |
18 |
13 |
3 |
2 |
61 |
21 |
29 |
2.905 |
|
2. |
Rangers |
17 |
12 |
3 |
2 |
54 |
24 |
27 |
2.250 |
|
3. |
Cambuslang |
18 |
8 |
4 |
6 |
47 |
42 |
20 |
1.119 |
|
4. |
Celtic |
17 |
10 |
3 |
4 |
46 |
21 |
19* |
2.190 |
|
5. |
Third Lanark |
16 |
7 |
3 |
6 |
34 |
35 |
13* |
0.971 |
|
6. |
Abercorn |
17 |
5 |
2 |
10 |
36 |
45 |
12 |
0.800 |
|
7. |
Heart of Midlothian |
17 |
5 |
2 |
10 |
27 |
35 |
12 |
0.771 |
|
8. |
St.Mirren |
18 |
5 |
1 |
12 |
39 |
62 |
11 |
0.629 |
|
9. |
Vale of Leven |
17 |
5 |
1 |
11 |
25 |
61 |
11 |
0.410 |
|
10. |
Cowlairs |
17 |
3 |
4 |
10 |
24 |
47 |
6* |
0.511 |
* Celtic and Cowlairs both deducted 4 points for fielding ineligible players. Third Lanark deducted 4 points for fielding an unregistered player.
Celtic absolutely destroyed a sorry Vale of Leven yet it was them who had the first clear chance when they struck the bar early on. Thereafter Celtic took complete control, McMahon scored and a second soon followed. Campbell added a third just before half time. The second half began with Campbell making it 4-0 then the Vale surprisingly pulled one back through Graham. Celtic seemed stung by this and McGhee soon made it 5-1, McMahon made it 6-1 then Dowds joined in to make it 7-1. McGhee got his second and Celtic’s 8th and McMahon completed the scoring for his hat trick.
SCOTTISH FOOTBALL ASSOCIATION – AGM
In the history of the SFA the meeting turned out to be one of the most contentious. Mr T. R. Park (Cambuslang) was in the chair and this would be his last AGM as Chairman as he announced he was retiring. After the reading and adoption of the last minutes the meeting opened with the Renton FC case.
Mr McLean (Alexandria) wanted to know what were the terms of the compromise with Renton to which the Chairman replied that the terms were that the Association pay the expenses of Renton FC. Mr Lawrance (Dumbarton & Scottish League President) asked what was the advice of counsel. Park explained that the opinion was the Association could not be sued. Mr McLaughlin (Celtic) then asked if any opinion was given on the merits of the case apart from the preliminary pleas. The Chairman said no, the instruction from the committee was to fight the case. Mr Kennedy (Dumbarton) weighed in to criticise the Association for leaving members in the dark on a matter that cost them £300 (around £40,000 today) and Mr Lawrance added that since the preliminary pleas went against the Association, they should have abandoned the proceedings. The Chairman took exception to this, Lawrance then asked if he understood the Chairman to have said that the committee went on with the case without asking anything about the merits of the case simply because they thought they could not be sued. Park replied that there was no use in asking this question. Lawrance then rose to read a petition he said he had received from several clubs in Scotland. Mr McCulloch interrupted to raise a point of order and to whom the petition was addressed. As Lawrance tried to explain, constant interruptions forced him to drop the matter.
The Treasurer’s statement was then read and adopted however there was one item that required explanation, that was the expenditure of £71 9s 7d (£71. 50, around £9,300) in connection with the International match in England. It was believed a large amount of their expenditure might have been saved, and it was thought a very strange position of the sub-committee to take it upon themselves to accompany the team, and thereby involve a large amount of unnecessary expenditure. The Chairman stated the course had been adopted since the selecting committee had been instituted, and it was but poor recompense to the committee for their services. To Mr Kennedy’s point regarding the expenses of Renton FC, in respect of the court proceedings, would amount to around £165 (£21,500). He did not say what the Association account would be. Kennedy asked surely an amount to within £50 could be given. The Treasurer, Mr J. Campbell, thought the amount could be between £300 and £400 (£40,000 and £52,000).
Mr McLaughlin moved that Renton’s expenses be deleted from the report as the whole case had brought discredit to the Association, and it was in the power of any club to test whether the expenses might not be bourne by others than the Association. Mr Lawrance seconded. He said there was a lack of frankness and with a view to seeing how the committee were treating the matter that the discussion was opened before steps were taken to saddle the expenses on the proper shoulders. This angered the Chairman: - "To what has Scottish football fallen? I am sorry that such base means should be proposed.” Mr Cameron (Morton) supported the motion at great length: - “ The Association sought to fight Renton’s action on side issues - and that with a view to killing the Renton. The Association should have come forward and said that they had wronged and financially ruined the club for a season. The Association were not deserving the support of honest sportsmen, they were dragging football in the mud.”
Mr Sliman (Battlefield) then intervened to defend the Association and attacked McLaughlin and Lawrance. He said the Association acted on good faith based on the legal advice of their counsel. It was unfortunate their legal advisors were wrong but he could not blame their counsel. It was unfair and unjust for McLaughlin and Lawrance to say the Association refused to give information on any point. A vote on the report was then taken and adopted by a majority of 49 to 31.
As it was clear at this point that business would not be concluded before the meeting ended, Mr Kennedy proposed that the meeting be adjourned at 10.15pm. Mr Watt (Edinburgh) objected pointing out this would be unfair as those form the east faced a long distance to travel and moved a 9pm adjournment would be more suitable. Mr McCulloch (Dundee Our Boys) seconded the amendment, whilst Mr Browne (Queen’s Park) seconded the motion. After further discussion it was resolved to adjourn at 10.15pm till next Tuesday.
The proposed alterations of rules came up next for consideration. Dumbarton FC proposed that “The affairs of the Association be conducted by a committee, composed of the president, vice-president, treasurer, eighteen representatives of divisions, and representatives from affiliated associations, all of whom (with the exception of the officers) shall be elected annually as hereafter provided for. Seven to form a quorum." This was carried unanimously. It was also agreed that " Each candidate shall be nominated by one club, seconded by another club, and assented to by a third club, and the nomination shall be signed by the secretaries for and on behalf of the clubs."
In Rule II it was proposed by the SFA committee that clause (b) should read – “liable to suspension or expulsion”; clause (c) to read – “and suspended or expelled”; clause (l) and at end – “prior to the date of these suspensions." After discusion the alteration was agreed to, the word "expulsion" to be deleted.
Mr McLean (Ayr) moved that all players under suspension, and all registered professionals who might return to reside in Scotland and apply for reinstatement between now and 2nd August 1891, should be granted the necessary permission. The motion, with the addition that all players in Scotland presently under suspension should be pardoned without application, was unanimously carried.
Following some "housekeeping" amendments to a few other rules, the meeting then moved on to the controversial motion proposed by the SFA. The motion, proposed by Mr Campbell and seconded by the chairman, if passed, would in effect give the SFA the power to be judge, jury, executioner and sole arbiter in matters involving any person or institution with any connection to the SFA that was in dispute. Recourse to the law, as per the Renton FC case, would not be available. The motion in full read –
“That all decisions or findings to be pronounced by the Association at any annual or special meeting, and all decisions and findings of the General Committee shall be final and binding and conclusive upon any affiliated Association, club, player, official, or member; and specially (but without prejudice to the aforesaid generality), that no such decision or finding shall be subject to review by any Court of Law upon any ground whatever, and every Association and club, by making payment of their annual subscription to the funds of the Association, shall thereby be held ex contractu to have passed from and abandoned any ground of appeal to such Courts for redress against any such decision or finding; and all clubs in any way connected with such affiliated Association, or contributed to the funds of such Association, or in any way subject to its jurisdiction, shall by its connection therewith be also deemed ex contractu to have abandoned any redre’s from legal tribunals; and all players, officials, and members of such clubs shall likewise be deemed to be debarred ex contractu from resort to legal proceedings for redress against any such decision or finding."
Campbell claimed for the rule that it would prevent any decision of the Association or its committees being judged by any Court of Law. He thought that when any matter arose for decision the Association aught to be their own judge. Mr Laughlin opposed and said it was not worth the Association having such a rule. If they had twenty rules to prevent a club going into law they would be liable to be summoned, just as if they had no rules. He moved accordingly that it be negatived and Mr Fraser (St.Bernard’s) seconded the amendment. Mr McCulloch remarked that the unfortunate point was that, where justice or injustice had been done, they could be dragged into court. Campbell then said that a great deal had been said, not about what the rule could do, but what it could not do. He knew that such a rule could certainly hold good as far as the position of the Association was concerned. Such a rule could be held, and had been held. McLaughlin retorted and said he had legal advice on the matter ten minutes before the meeting, and the opinion was that the rule was “bosh” and could not hold for one moment. On a division, there voted for Mr McLaughlin’s amendment 72, and for the motion 13. – the new rule therefore nagatived by 59 votes.
The meeting was then adjourned till Tuesday, 12th May 1891 when the rest of the business, including the election of office-bearers, would be gone on with.
Wednesday 6th May 1891
LEAGUE
FIXTURES ROUND 35
THIRD LANARK 3 COWLAIRS 0 1,500
Wills,Lapsley,Burns
Half time: 1-0 Referee: Mr Robertson (5th KRV)
Third Lanark: Downie, Sawers, Smith, Campbell, Lapsley, Scott, Burns, Wilson, Wills, Johnstone, McInnes
Cowlairs: Duff, McCartney, McLeod, Masterton, Buist, Elliott, McEwan, McPherson, Shanks, Henderson, Weir
League Table
|
|
|
P |
W |
D |
L |
F |
A |
Pts |
GA |
|
1. |
Dumbarton |
18 |
13 |
3 |
2 |
61 |
21 |
29 |
2.905 |
|
2. |
Rangers |
17 |
12 |
3 |
2 |
54 |
24 |
27 |
2.250 |
|
3. |
Cambuslang |
18 |
8 |
4 |
6 |
47 |
42 |
20 |
1.119 |
|
4. |
Celtic |
17 |
10 |
3 |
4 |
46 |
21 |
19* |
2.190 |
|
5. |
Third Lanark |
17 |
8 |
3 |
6 |
37 |
35 |
15* |
1.057 |
|
6. |
Abercorn |
17 |
5 |
2 |
10 |
36 |
45 |
12 |
0.800 |
|
7. |
Heart of Midlothian |
17 |
5 |
2 |
10 |
27 |
35 |
12 |
0.771 |
|
8. |
St.Mirren |
18 |
5 |
1 |
12 |
39 |
62 |
11 |
0.629 |
|
9. |
Vale of Leven |
17 |
5 |
1 |
11 |
25 |
61 |
11 |
0.410 |
|
10. |
Cowlairs |
18 |
3 |
4 |
11 |
24 |
50 |
6* |
0.480 |
* Celtic and Cowlairs both deducted 4 points for fielding ineligible players. Third Lanark deducted 4 points for fielding an unregistered player.
Cowlairs completed their League programme with a defeat to Third Lanark at Cathkin Park. Third Lanark had early chances and Duff had to be at his best in the Cowlairs goal. Cowlairs also had chances as play went end to end and Downie had to save smartly several times. Towards the end of the half the Warriors opened the scoring through Wills and Cowlairs nearly equalised when McPherson hit the bar. In the second half Cowlairs put Downie under pressure several times but the Thirds goalie was equal to it. A Lapsley long shot which Duff could not save eased the pressure on Third Lanark and a minute later Burns made it 3-0.
Saturday, 9th May 1891
LEAGUE
FIXTURES ROUND 36
RANGERS 4 THIRD LANARK 1 5,000
McKenzie(3),Hislop Burns
Half time: 1-1 Referee:
Rangers: Reid, Muir, Gow, Marshall, McIntyre, Mitchell, McKenzie, Henderson, Kerr, McPherson, Hislop
Third Lanark: Downie, Thomson, Smith, Sawers, Lapsley, Scott, Burns, Wilson, Wills, Johnstone, Burke
VALE of LEVEN 2 HEART of MIDLOTHIAN 4 1,000
Cowan,Darroch Russell(2),Scott,Doherty(og)
Half time: 1-2 Referee:
Vale of Leven: Doherty, G.Sharp, Smith, Paterson, McNicol, W. Graham, McVean, Gallacher, Darroch, Cowan, T. Graham
Heart of Midlothian: Fairbairn, Adams, Goodfellow, Hastie, Waterston, Stirling, Taylor, Greig, Russell, Ross, Scott
League Table
|
|
|
P |
W |
D |
L |
F |
A |
Pts |
GA |
|
1. |
Dumbarton |
18 |
13 |
3 |
2 |
61 |
21 |
29 |
2.905 |
|
2. |
Rangers |
18 |
13 |
3 |
2 |
58 |
25 |
29 |
2.320 |
|
3. |
Cambuslang |
18 |
8 |
4 |
6 |
47 |
42 |
20 |
1.119 |
|
4. |
Celtic |
17 |
10 |
3 |
4 |
46 |
21 |
19* |
2.190 |
|
5. |
Third Lanark |
18 |
8 |
3 |
7 |
38 |
39 |
15* |
0.974 |
|
6. |
Heart of Midlothian |
18 |
6 |
2 |
10 |
31 |
37 |
14 |
0.838 |
|
7. |
Abercorn |
17 |
5 |
2 |
10 |
36 |
45 |
12 |
0.800 |
|
8. |
St.Mirren |
18 |
5 |
1 |
12 |
39 |
62 |
11 |
0.629 |
|
9. |
Vale of Leven |
18 |
5 |
1 |
12 |
27 |
65 |
11 |
0.415 |
|
10. |
Cowlairs |
18 |
3 |
4 |
11 |
24 |
50 |
6* |
0.480 |
* Celtic and Cowlairs both deducted 4 points for fielding ineligible players. Third Lanark deducted 4 points for fielding an unregistered player.
Rangers had to win to draw level with Dumbarton at the top and this they did with an emphatic win over Third Lanark. Vale of Leven and Heart of Midlothian also finished their league programme, Hearts were the victors.
Rangers faced Third Lanark without the services of the McCreadie brothers for this crucial match. Utility man Alick McKenzie, whose last appearance for the club was back in February as goalkeeper, was drafted in to play in his other position as a forward. Third Lanark were first to show but were soon pegged back by Rangers and after just 10 minutes McKenzie opened the scoring. A second goal by Hislop was ruled offside soon after. Third Lanark got right back into the game when Burns equalised just before half time. With the wind at their backs in the second half, Rangers soon made their pressure felt but found Downie in the Third Lanark goal in superb form. McKenzie headed a second Rangers goal from a free kick and from that point on the Warriors tried hard to equalise. Towards the end Hislop then McKenzie, for his hat trick, secured victory for Rangers.
Vale opened the scoring through Cowan after 5 minutes following early pressure. After 20 minutes Hearts equalised through Russell and Scott added a second with a somewhat flukey shot. In the second half Vale’s cause was seriously hampered when Doherty fumbled the ball into his own goal a minute after the restart. On the hour Russell added a fourth goal for Hearts. Near the end Darroch got a second for Vale of Leven.
ORDINARY MATCHES (SELECTED)
AIRDRIEONIANS 7 PARTICK THISTLE 1
Half time: 3-0 Referee:
Mavisbank Park, Airdrie
CELTIC 2 RENTON 1 10,000
Half time: 1-1 Referee:
Celtic Park, Glasgow
HEARTS XI 4 St.BERNARD’S 3 3,000
Half time: Referee:
Tynecastle Park, Edinburgh
The day saw the welcome
return from suspension of Renton and St.Bernard’s. Over 10,000 spectators at
Celtic Park gave Renton a tremendous reception. At Tynecastle a Hearts XI
entertained St.Bernard’s in front of a healthy 3,000 spectators.
Tuesday, 12th May 1891
REARRANGED
LEAGUE FIXTURE
CELTIC 2 ABERCORN 0 3,000
McMahon,McGhee
Half time: 0-0 Referee:
Celtic: M. Dolan, T. Dunbar, McKeown, Gallagher, Kelly, Maley, Madden, McGhee, Dowds, McMahon, Campbell
Abercorn: Fleming, Bisland, D. Cuthbertson, Johnstone, Eaglesham, Reid, Wallace, Nicol, Buchanan, McLaren, Bonnar
Final League Table
|
|
|
P |
W |
D |
L |
F |
A |
Pts |
GA |
|
1. |
Dumbarton |
18 |
13 |
3 |
2 |
61 |
21 |
29 |
2.905 |
|
2. |
Rangers |
18 |
13 |
3 |
2 |
58 |
25 |
29 |
2.320 |
|
3. |
Celtic |
18 |
11 |
3 |
4 |
48 |
21 |
21* |
2.286 |
|
4. |
Cambuslang |
18 |
8 |
4 |
6 |
47 |
42 |
20 |
1.119 |
|
5. |
Third Lanark |
18 |
8 |
3 |
7 |
38 |
39 |
15* |
0.974 |
|
6. |
Heart of Midlothian |
18 |
6 |
2 |
10 |
31 |
37 |
14 |
0.838 |
|
7. |
Abercorn |
18 |
5 |
2 |
11 |
36 |
47 |
12 |
0.766 |
|
8. |
St.Mirren |
18 |
5 |
1 |
12 |
39 |
62 |
11 |
0.629 |
|
9. |
Vale of Leven |
18 |
5 |
1 |
12 |
27 |
65 |
11 |
0.415 |
|
10. |
Cowlairs |
18 |
3 |
4 |
11 |
24 |
50 |
6* |
0.480 |
* Celtic and Cowlairs both deducted 4 points for fielding ineligible players. Third Lanark deducted 4 points for fielding an unregistered player.
The final League match saw
Abercorn and Celtic complete their fixtures. This match was the rearranged
fixture postponed from 18th April 1891.
Abercorn started without David Cuthbertson as he was late to arrive. Celtic had most of the early play and this continued when Cuthbertson at last took the field. Abercorn made the occasional raid on the Celtic goal but the first half ended without any scoring. Celtic continued to be on top on the second half and eventually they got their reward through McMahon. Just before the end, McGhee made the game safe when he scored Celtic’s second.
LEAGUE COMMITTEE MEETING
With Dumbarton and Rangers tied at the top of the league table, the meeting was called to decide how to settle the matter. When the rules were drawn up no provision was made on what to do in the event of teams being tied on the same points. At the time, no mathematical or other means of separating teams was considered so now the committee had to decide what to do.
After some discussion, it was decided to hold a championship play-off at a neutral venue. As Dumbarton and Rangers were due to meet in the League Charity Cup on Saturday, 16th May 1891, it was considered making the tie a “double-header” but this was rejected. A play-off was then set for Thursday, 21st May 1891, the day of the Queen’s Birthday Holiday, so that it did not interfere with the dates fixed for the charity ties. A third of the drawings from the match would be given to the committee to provide badges for the winners and runners-up and a club flag for the champions. A decision on the venue would be decided at a later date, it would be a choice between Celtic Park and Cathkin Park.
NOTE: Goal Average was not introduced until season 1921/22 to differentiate teams when they were tied on equal points. I have made use of the method in the above tables purely as illustrative. In season 1970/71 the method was changed to Goal Difference.
SCOTTISH FOOTBALL ASSOCIATION – AGM RESUMPTION
The adjourned meeting resumed and the consideration of business was proceeded with. Again Mr Park was in the chair.
On behalf of the SFA, Mr Sliman moved the following new rule: - “That the Association take jurisdiction over all friendly fixtures of clubs connected with it, and no organisations other than the Association can interfere therewith. That no organisations excepting affiliated associations can institute competitions without submitting their rules and having the permission of the SFA. Charity competitions shall be excluded from this rule. Clubs wishing a series of matches can apply, stating terms, conditions &c, to the committee of the Association, who will appoint a sub-committee to arrange for and conduct the same.”
Mr Sliman said he had no doubt that most of those present had given very serious consideration to the new proposal. It was one of a very sweeping character, and it proposed to add to a large extent to the power of the Association. The Association until now had refused to take away cognisance of friendly fixtures. Of recent years many clubs had found it inexpedient to fulfil their fixtures after other clubs had incurred considerable expense, and in other ways there were grievance. It was patent that some reform was required in the rising up of certain organisations which were known to all. It had been felt that these organisations might be a source of danger to the parent body. They needed one holding authority, and they felt during the past season that those organisations assisted by powerful clubs might become a source of danger to the Scottish Football Association. Some of them, therefore, thought it right to frame a rule upholding the power of the Association. He did not stick up for the wording of the rule and admitted it was framed in a hurry, and he was sure could not amend with beneficial results. What was wanted was a declaration that the Association was supreme in Scotland. He was quite sure that those connected with other associations would be prepared to deny to the Association her right in this respect. There was no use of raising up any feeling on the subject. He thought the Association was quite qualified to amend its own affairs, and if they met in a friendly way he was confident they would be able to frame a rule sufficient for their present needs. He hoped there would be free discussion on all the points of the rule. The chairman seconded the proposal.
In reply, Mr Lawrance
(Dumbarton), was very much pleased with the spirit in which Mr Sliman had
spoken. On the face of it, it seemed to him to be as he himself admitted of a
very sweeping character Mr Sliman did not seem to have put all in the new rule
that some of them thought he would have put it. He had said he thought it was
open to amendment, and he must say he also thought that, if what Mr Slimam
expressed now was what this rule was to express, he must say he had no
objection to it at all. Mr Sliman spoke of the other organizations which might
come to usurp the right of the Association. His hope was that no organization
would come into existence. Referring to the Scottish Football League, Mr
Lawrance said he claimed for the clubs who belonged to that organization that
they had been in the past loyal supporters of the Association, and he was quite
convinced that in the future none would be more loyal and they would continue
to support the Association. He meant to propose an amendment to this motion of
the association committee, which he was sure would please Mr Sliman, and, he
thought, would also please the other members of the committee. It was that the
rule read – “That the Association have jurisdiction over all friendly or other
fixtures connected with it.” The remainder being deleted. He believed that in
the future men would be put into that committee who had the good of football at
heart, and that it would not be in the interest of any to interfere with them
having complete power.
Mr J. M. Campbell (hon. Treasurer), in seconding the amendment, said he was sure that after what they heard from Mr Lawrance, as president of the League, Mr Sliman would not only be consulting the benefit of the Association, but of last year’s meeting, if he accepted this proposal. Mr Sliman personally was quite prepared to accept Mr Lawrance’s amendment, and at the same time thanked him for the amendment, and for his expression of loyalty to the Association, loyalty which he (Mr Sliman) never had any doubt.
Mr Cameron (Morton), Asked what was meant by the word “jurisdiction”, and after some remarks by the chairman, Mr Lawrance said it seemed to him if the Association was to take jurisdiction over all friendly fixtures, it would lead to no end of trouble. The word jurisdiction he took to mean that there could be no two final authorities on any one question. He believed that this jurisdiction would only be exercised on occasions when it would not be well for Scottish football if there was not such power in the hands of someone. A case however, might never arise where jurisdiction of the Association would require to be exercised. Mr Cameron then moved that this proposed new rule be allowed to drop, in short, he moved the previous question. Mr Lawrance had fallen in with the gentleman in the rear who had taken up so much of the time with a mass of new rules and amendments which should never have seen the light of day. It did not reflect great credit on the parties who brought it about. Mr Sliman’s new rule meant something, for the association wanted to wipe the other associations out of existence, but this proposed amendment meant nothing at all. He denied that the League and the other Associations were a source of danger to the Association; but they were a source of danger to last year’s committee. The law courts of the land were a source of danger to that committee and if it had existed long enough, the whole realm would have been a source of danger to them. To some this rule meant that the Association had power to put down all friendly matches they thought against their interests. Why, they might have the half of the association against them next year. Legislation in a hurry was not a good thing, and they should allow them another year to consider the question. Mr McLean (Alexandria), seconded.
Mr Currie asked, if this
amendment of Mr Lawrance’s was adopted, whether the association would become a
court of appeal to every dissatisfied club or not? The chairman said they had,
as the supreme body, jurisdiction over every match that the clubs might play.
They had never had it in rule, but they had often had appeals in regard to
non-fulfilment of fixtures.
Mr D. C. Brown (Queen’s Park) thought this rule was giving an advantage. There was no doubt cases would crop up where clubs would have grievances, and might have their grievances wrongly settled by the association to which they were affiliated, and he thought it was only right they should have an appeal to the Scottish Association. Other bodies would also frame their rules, if such were the case, so that they would not in any manner collide with the rules of the Association. That was something the Association should attempt to have. It was patent that they were threatened with a strong governing dody in the central portion of football Scotland, and some of the rules of that body were endangering some of the laws of the Scottish Football Association, and he thought they were going in the right direction when they were laying down a rule which would admit of these bodies – League Federations or County Associations – having their rules so framed that they would not collide with the parent body.
Mr Sliman, in closing the debate on the proposed alteration, pointed out that it was not necessary that the Association should exercise its powers every time it was appealed to. Though the rule was printed in a hurry it could not be said that they considered it in a hurry, for it had been in their hands for over four weeks.
On the vote being taken, only 22 voted for the previous question. The majority for Mr Lawrance’s amendment was so overwhelming that the numbers were not counted.
With the most contentious motion taken care of, the meeting then moved on to deal with other motions, of which, the proposal from Celtic on the formalisation of a “close season” was probably the most important. Mr McLaughlan (Celtic) moved – “That no matches shall be played between 31st May and 1st August of each year without the consent of the committee. This does not apply to competitions limited to five or less players on each side.” He pointed out that football was the principle attraction in Scotland, and against football, cricket, lawn-tennis, running, bicycling etc, had no chance. They thought they should have a chance, and he hoped they all considered themselves first as sportsmen and then as football players. Instead of players now being stars for eight years, now three brief seasons saw him come and done. The blame for this he considered lay entirely on the amount of play. He went on to point out that at the present time players were put on the field in summer weather, which was trying even to those who stood around the ropes, and concluded by saying that they could give the close season a trial for at least one year, and if it was brought up again next year he thought it would be unanimously carried and found to be of great benefit to the players of the game. In seconding the motion, Mr Baptie said the only fault he could find with the rule was that it named two months as a close time. Had it been three he would have been better pleased.
Mr McCulloch (Dundee Our Boys) moved the previous question. The committees of clubs could close their grounds at any time. It was quite in their own opinion. Some clubs had already made close times for their players, and there was no need for this grandmotherly legislation. Football too, gave generous aid to sports, and enabled them to give larger prizes to their athletes. Mr Currie seconded, and remarked that they knew some clubs anxious for money carried on the game during the whole year. Clubs could suit themselves, and he did not think it was necessary for the association to interfere. Mr D. C. Brown thought there was need for this “grandmotherly legislation”. Mr McCulloch had mentioned the fact that football was an attraction at sporting meetings. Well, he hoped to see the day that football would cease to be an attraction at properly regulated sports. There was a feeling existing in Scotland that Mr McCulloch overlooked. Players were asked to go and play matches by irresponsible men who had no committee over them. They were induced to go and play for Tom. Dick and Harry, but if they had a close season they would have to refuse. He believed they would be doing a service to the game and a service to the clubs if they established a close season.
Mr McLean (Alexandria), moved an amendment altering the close time to three months, from 31st May to 1st September. Mr Strachan seconded. Mr Gardner (Airdrieonians) was quite in favour of the proposal of the Celtic. Some clubs had already made their arrangements, and their cup-ties would not be over till 1st June. Mr D. C. Brown suggested that this rule should be operative from 1892. Mr McLaughlan explained, however, that the clubs so placed could, according to the rule, get permission from the Association to finish their ties.
McLaughlan and McCulloch were appointed tellers, and on a vote being taken, the motion was carried by a large majority, the declaration that it was passed being received with loud applause.
In other matters that followed: -
Mr T. Maley (Celtic) proposed “That on a requisition signed by twenty clubs, a Special General Meeting be called, such requisition to state the business of the meeting, and to be lodged with the Secretary 21 days before the date of the meeting.” Mr Cameron seconded and the rule was declared carried.
On behalf of the Ayrshire Association, Mr Harrison moved – “That the third-class rail fares of representatives on the Committee be defrayed by the Association.” The motion was seconded by Mr McKenzie (Rangers). Some discussion followed with with Mr F. Watt (Edinburgh), wanting an addition to the rule covering legitimate expenses of the representatives. Unless meetings finished at 9 pm it was impossible for those from the East to get home. Mr Lawrance put forward an amendment to give the meeting an opportunity of saying whether the districts should not be asked to have an interest in their representatives as to pay their fare and expenses. Mr D. C. Brown seconded this amendment. In the end Mr Harrison’s motion was carried by 81 votes to 51.
The election of the new office-bearers then took place. For the position of Chairman, Mr Sneddon was proposed on the grounds that he had shown great tact as Chairman of the Association in the East. Mr D. C. Brown proposed Mr Cameron, but he refused the nomination. Mr Lawrance then proposed Mr Sliman, however, both Sneddon and Sliman refused to be nominated against each other. The nominators refused to allow them to withdraw, and on a vote being taken, 65 voted for Sliman and 67 for Sneddon. Mr Sneddon tendered his thanks and the out going Chairman, Mr Park, congratulated him on his election.
Mr Sliman was unanimously elected vice-president; Mr Campbell was re-elected treasurer, and Mr McDowall secretary. Messrs Kennedy and Devlin were appointed auditors, and the president and vice-president as representatives to the International Conference. The office bearers were appointed the Property Committee until the first meeting of the General Committee.
The final piece of business of importance saw Dumbarton’s motion to have the Scottish Cup competition divided into two parts; a preliminary and a final stage. The Committee would select 16 clubs, composed of the semi-finalists of the preceding season and the twelve other clubs they consider to be next in merit to be exempted from the preliminary stage of the competition should they so desire. After much discussion a vote was called and ended in a tie, 54 votes for the motion with 54 against. Mr Park in his final act as SFA Chairman gave his casting vote in favour of the motion.
Over the two meetings a number of contentious were put to bed. In the first meeting the SFA were left with a bloodied nose over the Renton fiasco and they could not have looked forward to the debate regarding their proposal to seal complete control over all football matters. In the end the debate proved amicable and a sensible compromise found. It was acknowledged that the SFA would be the overall body on football matters with other bodies such as the Scottish League having control only over matters pertaining to their own competitions. The SFA’s fear that the Scottish League wanted to usurp them or become a rival body was clearly dismissed by the chairman of the Scottish League, Mr Lawrance, and his amendment to the original motion together with his assurances carried the day with no more blood letting.
The motion put forward by Celtic, that a close season should be formalised, was an important step forward. It is interesting to note that even back then it was recognised that player “burn out” could become an issue if something was not done. A clear break between the end of one season and the beginning of another was a sensible approach regardless of what effect football had on other sporting events. At the same time, however, it should not be seen as a purely altruistic move by football clubs as most, especially the leading ones, all held their own sports events during the summer months. The last thing they wanted was a football match taking place “over the fence” at the same time.
After several years of trying Dumbarton finally got their way, albeit on the chairman’s casting vote, for the “elite” clubs to be exempt from the early rounds of the Scottish Cup. So season 1891/92 would see Scotland’s premier competition split into preliminary and proper stages.
Wednesday, 13th May 1891
BENEFIT
MATCH
CAMBUSLANG 0 LEAGUE SELECT 4 1,000
Johnstone(3),Campbell
Half time: 2-0 Referee:
Cambuslang: Ross, Collins, Smith, Guy, Ramsay, Jamieson, Low, Buchanan, Maxwell, Gourlay, Brown
League Select: Scoular (Cambuslang), Gow (Rangers), McKeown (Celtic), Marshall (Rangers), Buist (Cowlairs), McPherson (Cowlairs), Hislop (Rangers), Campbell (Celtic), Johnstone (Third Lanark), McKenzie (Rangers)
A benefit match for former
player, Andrew Jackson, who is leaving Scotland for foreign shores took place
between Cambuslang and a League Select. The League team running out easy
winners.
Thursday, 14th May 1891
ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING OF THE GLASGOW FA
Third Lanark proposed alterations to the cup competition rules to effect that neutral umpires should be abolished and this was approved.
Mr A. Geake (Queen’s Park) was elected president; Mr Gilchrist (Thistle), vice-president; Mr T. Park (Linthouse), treasurer; and Mr J. McDowall, secretary. It was resolved, by ballot, that Battlefield, Celtic, Clyde, Northern, Partick Thistle, Pollokshaws, Rangers, and Third Lanark should appoint members of the committee.
Saturday, 16th May 1891
LEAGUE CHARITY CUP, SEMI FINAL
DUMBARTON 1 RANGERS 0 10,000
Taylor
Half time: 1-0 Referee: Mr Bishop (Falkirk)
Celtic Park, Glasgow
Dumbarton: Barr, Watson, A. Miller, McMillan, Boyle, Keir, Taylor, Galbraith, McLeod, McNaught, J. Miller
Rangers: Reid, Gow, Hodge, Mitchell, A. McCreadie, Marshall, McPherson, Allan, Kerr, Hislop, Henderson
The first match of the
League Charity Cup competition took place at Celtic Park in front of a reported
10,000 crowd. Dumbarton were without the services of top scorer Johnny Bell and
took the unusual step of playing goalkeeper John McLeod in his place. Rangers
fielded their usual 11 apart from Hugh McCreadie, his place being taken by
Allan.
The game was a stuffy affair with Dumbarton the slightly better of the two teams. Taylor’s goal for Dumbarton after 30 minutes play was enough to secure their place in the final. With the League Championship play-off between these two teams set to take place in a few days time a marker by the victors had been laid down. The reported drawings for the game, just short of £275 (around £36,000 today) was an excellent return for the charities.
ORDINARY MATCHES (SELECTED)
HEART of MIDLOTHIAN 4 LEITH ATHLETIC 3 3,000
Half time: 2-2 Referee:
Tynecastle Park, Edinburgh
ARMADALE 2 St.BERNARD’S 0
Half time: 0-0 Referee:
Volunteer Park, West Lothian
MEETING OF THE SCOTTISH
MIDLAND LEAGUE
The meeting was held in Alloa to adopt the constitution and rules and to elect office-bearers for the running of the proposed league. The clubs represented were; Alloa Athletic, Alva, Bridge of Weir, Camelon, Clackmannan, Dunblane, Dunfermline Athletic and Raith Rovers.
The elected office-bearers were; Mr John Duff (Alloa Athletic), President, Mr James Brown (Dunfermline Athletic), Vice-President, Mr Murphy (Camelon), Secretary and Mr Minto (Alloa athletic), Treasurer. The full committeee would consist of the office-bearers and one representative from each club not represented by an office-bearer.
It was agreed a further meeting would be held at the end of the month to arrange fixtures. Alloa was made the headquarters of the league.
Thursday, 21st May 1891
LEAGUE CHAMPIONSHIP, PLAY-OFF
DUMBARTON 2 RANGERS 2 6,000
Taylor,J.Miller Hislop,McCreadie
Half time: 2-0 Referee: Mr J. Marshall (Third Lanark)
Cathkin Park, Glasgow
Dumbarton: McLeod, Watson, A. Miller, McMillan, Boyle, Keir, Taylor, Galbraith, J. Miller, McNaught, Bell
Rangers: Reid, Gow, Hodge, Mitchell, A. McCreadie, Marshall, McPherson, Allan, Kerr, Hislop, Henderson
Dumbarton had Bell back in
the team with McLeod back in his usual position. Rangers fielded the same team
that lost to Dumbarton a few days earlier.
In contrast to the Charity Cup match between these two sides, Rangers dominanated the match right from the kick off and it was no surprise when they took the lead after just 5 minutes through Hislop. During the first 15 minutes, Dumbarton barely got out of their own half. Rangers thought they had gone 2-0 up when a Henderson shot beat McLeod, however it was ruled offside. Rangers continued to press and the Dumbarton goal was peppered with shots, McLeod also pulled off some fine saves. Rangers scored a controversial second goal when a McCreadie shot from distance sailed past a stricken McLeod, who had been barged over by Hislop as the shot went in. Dumbarton protested strongly but referee Marshall ruled the goal fair. The first half ended with Rangers two goals to the good.
From the start of the
second half, Dumbarton faired no better. Bell was out of sorts suggesting he
had not fully recoved from injury. A rare breakaway on 70 minutes saw Dumbarton
pull a goal back through Taylor and this act saw a complete transformation in
Dumbarton’s play. Suddenly the Sons were the dominant team and on 75 minutes
Jimmy Miller equalised. It was now all Dumbarton and somehow Rangers held out
till the end and the match ended in a 2-2 draw.
With the Championship now still undecided, the league committee will have some thinking to do.
ORDINARY MATCHES (SELECTED)
St.BERNARD’S 1 RENTON 2 3,500
Half time: 1-1 Referee:
Logie Green, Edinburgh
Saturday, 23rd May 1891
LEAGUE CHARITY CUP, SEMI FINAL
THIRD LANARK 1 CELTIC 8 6,000
Burke Dowds(2),McMahon(3),Campbell(2),McGhee
Half time: 1-3 Referee: Mr J. McLean (Ayr F.C.)
Ibrox Park, Glasgow
Due to adverse weather, match declared “no
cup-tie" before kick-off by the referee.
Third Lanark: Downie, Thomson, Smith, Johnstone, Lapsley, Scott, Burns, Wilson, Wills, McInnes, Burke
Celtic: Bell, Reynolds, McKeown, Gallagher, Kelly, Maley, Madden, McGhee, Dowds, McMahon, Campbell
Torrential rain had rendered the playing surface extremely soft and heavy. The referee felt the condition of the ground was not suitable for a cup-tie and therefore any match played would be a “friendly”. Despite such bad weather over 6,000 spectators still turned up to watch such an important game. They were not to know the game was only a “friendly" until after the match finished.
ROSEBERRY CHARITY CUP, SEMI FINAL
HEART of MIDLOTHIAN 2 MOSSEND SWIFTS 2 5,000
Half time: 1-2 Referee: Mr Sneddon (East of Scotland FA)
Logie Green, Edinburgh
Match abandoned after 75 minutes.
The Edinburgh Charity Cup
match ended abruptly after 75 minutes play. Mossend Swifts player, Hogg, kicked
a Hearts player who immediately got up and retaliated. Hogg who had already
been cautioned for a similar offence earlier in the game was sent off. The
Hearts player was cautioned. Hogg refused to leave the field and the Mossend
Swifts captain informed the referee his team would not continue the game
without him due to unfair treatment. Mr Sneddon, the referee, had no
alternative but to abandon the game.
ORDINARY MATCHES (SELECTED)
ABERDEEN 2 DUMBARTON 6 4,500
Half time: 0-4 Referee:
Chanory Grounds, Aberdeen
CLYDE 0 RENTON 1
Half time: 0-0 Referee:
Barrowfield Park, Glasgow
THISTLE 4 St.BERNARD’S 0
Half time: 2-0 Referee: Mr McKay (Northern)
Beechwood Park, Glasgow
Tuesday, 26th
May 1891
LEAGUE COMMITTEE MEETING
The meeting was called to decide on how to proceed with deciding the League Championship. The two options were to replay the play-off match that had ended in a draw or declare Dumbarton and Rangers as joint champions. The match could not be replayed on Saturday 30th May due to the potential clash with the League Charity Cup semi final and the fact there were no suitable grounds available. Any further delay would take the play-off beyond the end of the season and whilst there would be no problem in gaining the SFA's approval to play the match, there was again the potential clash with the Charity Cup and ground availability.
The options were put to the vote and ended in a tie, 5 votes for a replay and 5 votes for a shared championship. This left the chairman, Mr Lawrance (Dumbarton), with the casting vote. As he was a member of one of the clubs involved he asked for a 24-hour adjournment so he could consult with both clubs before he gave his decision. His proposal was agreed.
LEAGUE CHARITY CUP COMMITTEE MEETING
It was resolved that the semi final replay would take place on Saturday, 30th May 1891 at Celtic Park. The final would be put back until Saturday, 6th June 1891 and played at Cathkin Park.
Wednesday, 27th May 1891
EAST of SCOTLAND FA COMMITTEE MEETING
The committee met to discuss the abandoned Roseberry Charity Cup semi final between Heart of Midlothian and Mossend Swifts. The match, played the previous Saturday, had to be abandoned on 75 minutes with the score at 2 goals each due to the actions of the Mossend Swifts team. The referee, Mr Sneddon, outlined the events that led to the premature end of the match. After a good deal of discussion, it was agreed that Heart of Midlothian would be awarded the tie. The final, between Heart of Midlothian and Leith Athletic, would now take place on Saturday, 27th June 1891 at Logie Green. Mr Waugh was appointed referee.
GLASGOW MERCHANTS’ CHARITY CUP COMMITTEE MEETING
The committee announced that this seasons competition had raised £150 (around £20,000 today) and listed the numerous organisations who would benefit. The Glasgow Royal Infirmary was awarded the top payout of £25 (£3,500).
In comparison to previous seasons this was a paltry amount raised. In contrast last season raised £900 (£117,000) and the season before that £1,170 (over £150,000). Indeed the amount was the lowest raised since the competition began in 1876; on that occasion £200 (£26,000) was raised. In total the amount raised for charities so far amounts to £10,620 (£1.4 million). There can be no doubt that the loss of Scotland’s prominent clubs was a huge contributory factor to the small return.
ORDINARY MATCHES (SELECTED)
WISHAW THISTLE 2 HEART of MIDLOTHIAN 6
Half time: 3-2 Referee:
Recreation Park, Wishaw
Saturday, 30th
May 1891
LEAGUE
CHARITY CUP, SEMI FINAL
CELTIC 6 THIRD LANARK 1 8,000
Dowds(3),McGhee,McMahon(2)
Half time: 4-0 Referee: Mr J. McLean (Ayr F.C.)
Celtic Park, Glasgow
Celtic: Bell, Reynolds, McKeown, Gallagher, Kelly, Maley, Madden, McGhee, Dowds, McMahon, Campbell
Third Lanark: Downie, Thomson, Smith, Sawers, Love, Scott, Watt, Wilson, Johnstone, Lapsley, Burns
The replay of last
Saturday’s void match proved to be just as one sided as Celtic romped into the
final by 6-1. Third Lanark had Kilbirnie's international forward in their team
as a guest player, but it made no difference.
PAISLEY CHARITY CUP, SEMI-FINAL
St.MIRREN 3 ABERCORN 2
Half time: 2-2 Referee: Mr Kennedy
Westmarch, Paisely
ORDINARY MATCHES
(SELECTED)
5th K.R.V. 2 RANGERS 4
Half time: 2-1 Referee:
Palmerston Park, Maxwelltown
THISTLE 1 ALBION
ROVERS 2
Half time: Referee:
Beechwood Park, Glasgow
WISHAW THISTLE 4 CAMBUSLANG 2 2,000
Half time: Referee:
Recreation Grounds, Wishaw
NORTHERN LEAGUE
COMMITTEE MEETING
A committee meeting of the Northern League was held in Dundee for the purpose of drawing up and issuing the fixture list for the 1891/92 season.
